Evidence-based practices solidify the management of care provided by pediatric nurses, who are responsible for the care of child patients, making it both valid and reliable. It is within the roles and responsibilities of pediatric nurses to ensure universal care management through the application of current, scientifically supported, evidence-based care practices. Evidence-based approaches are particularly crucial in managing oral mucositis, one of the most common treatment complications encountered by pediatric cancer patients. Alongside their fundamental roles and responsibilities as researchers, educators, counselors, and providers of care based on scientific data, pediatric nurses must be knowledgeable about the pathophysiology of oral mucositis, its risk factors, grading systems, and care practices to prevent its occurrence. This book chapter discusses evidence-based practices for the management of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients, illuminated by scientific data and literature.