Although many various models have been improved in order to form human features of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in animals, there is no single animal model that satisfactorily exhibits all of the histopathological components of human ARDS. Therefore, when choosing an ARDS animal model, it is important to consider the ARDS key property to be tested as a study hypothesis and choose the most appropriate model that can display that property. After mentioning the reasons and physiopathology of ARDS briefly, the purpose of this review is to summarise the most common experimental animal models and the features of these models.