The excessive use of conventional insecticides is a major contributor to environmental pollution. Consequently, the development and utilization of novel compounds are essential for sustainable pest control. In the present study, effects of copper 2-iodobenzoate complexes on metabolic enzyme and antioxidant levels in Galleria mellonella hemolymph were investigated. Aspartate transferase, alanine transferase, and gamma glutamyl transferase levels, which are transferase enzymes, increased following copper 2-iodobenzoate complexes exposure. Adverse effects on metabolic enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase, amylase, creatine kinase, and alkaline phosphatase were also observed in the larval hemolymph following exposure to these metal complexes. The compound induced concentration-dependent cellular damage and led to increased levels of both nonenzymatic (bilirubin, albumin, uric acid) and enzymatic (glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) antioxidants. Molecular docking analysis revealed a strong binding affinity of the complexes to the juvenile hormone binding protein, suggesting potential interference with hormonal regulation in insects. Considering the widespread occurrence of lepidopteran pests in agricultural ecosystems, these findings highlight the potential of copper 2-iodobenzoate complexes as alternative agents for sustainable pest management strategies.