In this study, Loquat seeds were used as a biomass source and liquefied by hydrothermal process. Hydrothermal liquefaction experiments were carried out at various temperatures (250, 300, 350 degrees C), reaction times (5, 15, 30, 60 min.) and, initial pressures (5, 10 and 20 bar). The effect of experimental variables on product yields was examined. Light and heavy bio-oils were characterized by elemental analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. of the three parameters examined, it was observed that the most important parameter affecting product distribution was temperature. The increase in temperature and pressure generally decreased the bio-char yield, while it caused a decrease in the yield of light and heavy bio-oil. The higher heating value of bio-oils was found to be 27 MJ/kg. Both lightand heavy bio-oil consist of hydrocarbons containing oxygen. This study revealed that Loquat seeds, which are waste biomass, can be converted into bio-oil and biochar by hydrothermal liquefaction. After bio-oil upgrading, bio-oil can be used as fuel or as a source of chemical materials. Bio-char have the potential to be used as solid fuels or adsorbents.