Purpose: The purpose of this study is to cross-culturally adapt the Post Hospitalization Behavior Questionnaire for Ambulatory Surgery (PHBQ-AS) to Turkish and test its validity and reliability. Design: This is a methodological study. Methods: This study was conducted with 121 children aged 1 to 12 years who underwent ambulatory surgery. The data of the study were collected using a Descriptive Information Form, PHBQ-AS, and the Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure. Data analysis and evaluation were performed using factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha analysis, item-total score correlation analysis, content validity, construct validity, and concurrent validity. Findings: PHBQ-AS showed a high level of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.801). The item-total correlation values of PHBQ-AS were found to be 0.458 to 0.753. PHBQ-AS was determined to be a singlefactor scale explaining 66% of the variance in the examined variable. PHBQ-AS and Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure scores were moderately correlated. Conclusions: The Turkish version of PHBQ-AS was highly valid and reliable for the Turkish population. A recommendation for health care professionals in Turkey is to use the PHBQ-AS scale to evaluate posthospitalization behavioral changes in children who are admitted for ambulatory surgery. (c) 2024 American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.