Background and aims: This study aimed to evaluate whether there is a difference in human papillomavirus (HPV), smear, and cervical biopsy results between patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).,Methods: Retrospectively, 136 patients with positive high risk (HR) HPV screening results with and without DM who underwent colposcopy between 2015 and 2019 were identified. The clinicopathological characteristics and HR HPV screening results were reported and analyzed. The results of the patients with and without DM were compared.,Results: HPV 16 positivity, Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS), and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 1 (CIN 1) in smear and biopsy results were higher in patients with DM than patients without DM.,Conclusions: The higher HPV positivity in patients with diabetes may require reforming the frequency and method of cervical cancer screening to be applied to this patient group. (c) 2021 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.