Aim: In this study, we aimed to compare peroperative anesthesia management in pediatric patients with and without congenital anomaly.,Material and Methods: The records of patients aged 0-16 who were operated between 2012-2017 in the pediatric surgery clink were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups with a congenital anomaly (Group I) and without an anomaly (Group II). The patients were evaluated in terms of demographic characteristics, ASA risk, current surgery, anesthesia induction method-technique, difficult mask ventilation, complications related to anesthesia, and 30-day mortality rates in the postoperative intensive care unit (KU) were evaluated.,Results: The study included 102 patients. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of the type of surgery and ASA risk (p<0.05). It was determined that 77.6% of the patients in Group I had easy mask ventilation, and the frequency of minor complications associated with intraoperative anesthesia was 42.9% (p<0.05). It was determined that the number of patients taken to the postoperative KU was higher in Group I (p<0.05). It was determined that 10 patients with anomaly died, and 30-day mortality in ICU was 59%.,Discussion: Complication of surgical procedures in patients with anomalies affects the anesthetic management of these patients in many ways. A detailed evaluation of these patients will increase the quality of life and comport.